When Not To Use the Personal A of Spanish

The general rule is that the personal a of Spanish is used before a direct object when that object is a person or an animal or thing that has been personified. However, there are exceptions. The personal a is either optional or not used when the direct object is a nonspecific person, when following the verb tener, or to avoid awkwardness when two as would be close to each other in a sentence. Omitting the Personal A When the Person Isn’t Specific Perhaps the best way to state the biggest exception to the rule is to clarify the rule. Rather than saying that the personal a is used before people, it would best to say that the personal a is used only with specific, known, or identified human beings (or animals or things that have been personified). In other words, if the person is treated as a member of a category rather than as a known person, the personal a isnt needed. Here are some examples of the difference: Busco a mi novio. (I am looking for my boyfriend. Here, the boyfriend is a specific, known person, even though his name isnt given.)Busco un novio. (I am looking for a boyfriend. Here the boyfriend is merely someone who is a member of a category. We do not know who the person is, or even if he exists.)No conozco a tu bisabuela. (I dont know your grandmother. We have the persons identify even if her name isnt given.)No conozco una sola bisabuela. (I dont know a single great-grandmother. As in the case of the boyfriend above, the person is talking about a hypothetical person rather than an identified one.)Necesito una secretario. (I need a secretary. The speaker needs assistance, but not necessarily from a specific person.)Necesito a la secretario. (I need the secretary. The speaker needs a specific person.) As a result, some sentences can have a slightly different meaning, depending on whether the a is used. For example, we might say El FBI busca a un hombre de 40 aà ±os, meaning that the FBI is looking for a specific 40-year old man, perhaps the one who committed a crime. If we say El FBI busca un hombre de 40 aà ±os, it suggests the FBI is looking for a 40-year-old man in general, perhaps for a criminal lineup or for some other purpose where it doesnt particularly matter which 40-year-old man it finds. The main exception to this clarified rule is that certain pronouns, such as alguien (someone) and nadie (no one), always require the personal a when used as direct objects, even when they refer to no specific person. Example: No conozco a nadie.  (I dont know anybody.) Dropping the Personal A After Tener When tener is used to indicate have in the sense of having a close relationship, the personal a is not used even if the direct object is known. Tenemos tres hijos. (We have three sons.)La compaà ±ia tiene muchos empleados. (The company has many employees.)Ya tengo mà ©dico de atencià ³n primaria. (I already have a primary-care doctor.) When tener is used to mean have someone in a role, however, the personal a is retained: Tengo a mi hermana como amiga de Facebook. (I have my sister as a Facebook friend.) Avoiding Two As in a Sentence Sometimes a sentence following the general rule would have two as, especially when a verb is followed by direct object and then an indirect object. In such cases, the personal a before the direct object is omitted. The listener will then understand that the object without a preceding a is the direct object. In this way, such sentences often mimic the word order in English. Mandà © mi hijo a su profesor. (I sent my son to his teacher. Note the lack of a before hijo.)El bombero llevà ³ Pablo a mi madre. (The firefighter carried Pablo to my mother.) Key Takeaways Although Spanish uses a personal a when a person is a direct object, the personal a is not used unless the person is a known person rather than someone who merely fits a category.An exception is that the personal a is required with nadie and alguien.The personal a is often not used following the verb tener, even if the object is a known person.

Roles And Responsibilities Of People Assigned Specific...

Outline the roles and responsibilities of people assigned specific health and safety duties at work Principle Contractor The principle contractor is the contractor in which has overall control of the construction period on projects, which have more than one contractor. During the construction phase there should only be one principle contractor appointed by the client at any one time. The principle contractor has a role under the CDM (construction development management) regulation to manage the health and safety of the construction project he/she is assigned too, this involves liaising with the client and principle designer during the time period of the project this also is included during the pre-construction phase; this is the design and planning stage of a project that is to be undergo. The principle contractor will to support the management of the project beside the principle designer and client. Managing for a principle contractor has a wide range of different factors such as planning, managing, monitoring, securing, providing welfare facilities, providing site induction and liaising of design. Planning will involve the principle contractor to prepare a construction phase plan that will allow the works to be carried out without risk to health and the safety of sight. Planning can be as simple as asking what does the work involve what needs to be done and whe n should it be? How can it be done? Who should be doing it? What resources do I need? Monitoring means that theShow MoreRelatedOverview of Workers Protection Acts1504 Words   |  6 Pagesperform roles as expected. In some countries, workers cannot complain of any form of harassment as the country lacks document laws governing how they should be treated. There is also the aspect of ignorance and workers fail to learn of law protecting them. 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A domestic client isRead MoreEssay on Shc 321421 Words   |  6 PagesEngage in personal development in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings Task links to learning outcome 1, assessment criteria 1.1 and 1.2 Personal development and reflective practice is an integral part of working with children and or young people. To support you in reviewing the need for personal development in relation to your work role produce the following: * Write a description of the duties and responsibilities of your own work role (1.1) * Prepare an explanationRead MoreMemo on the OHS Act and Regulation for Western Australia1851 Words   |  7 Pages The OSH Act provides for the promotion, coordination, administration and enforcement of occupational safety and health in Western Australia. The OSH Act places specific responsibilities on employers, employees, self-employed people, manufacturers, designers, importers and suppliers. 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This could be an individual, partnership or company and includes property developers and companies managing domesticRead MoreA Report With Text Supported By Images, Photographs And Drawings As Appropriate1303 Words   |  6 PagesB.REALITY, You have been asked to produce Health and safety legislation information for the responsibility of employers and employee at work, including people assigned with specific duties related to health and safety. Your presentation should be in the form of a report with text supported by images, photographs and drawings as appropriate. Task 1(p1): You need to discuss the use of approved codes of practice to ensure compliance with health and safety legislation. 1) You must explain the use andRead MoreDescribe the Differing Roles of Teaching Assistants. Compare the Similarities and Differences in Different Teaching Assistant’s Jobs, and Consider the Personal Qualities and Skills Needed by These Professionals.1390 Words   |  6 PagesAssistants (TAs) have an essential role to play in the smooth and effective running of a school. They are an extra pair of eyes, ears and hands for the teacher and give support to the structure of the school. [pic] (Teaching Assistant’s Pocketbook. Dot Constable. 2005) Teaching Assistants work in Primary, Secondary and Special Needs Schools. Individual duties and responsibilities can vary greatly but will be outlined in their job description. A TAs role is to support – this can be in aRead MoreKetamine772 Words   |  4 Pagesquestionnaire, answering all the questions that require. The second stage is having an interview. The job role of this job in McDonalds involves making food in the kitchen, cleaning, and working on the tills. Person Specification: A person specification is a description of the qualifications, skills, experience, knowledge and other attributes which a candidate must possess to perform the job duties. On the McDonalds website this can be found under ‘the requirements’ this shows a potential employee whatRead MoreAuthority, Accountability Responsibility2841 Words   |  12 PagesAUTHORITY, ACCOUNTABILITY RESPONSIBILITY By Yusop B. Masdal I. INTRODUCTION Delegation  (or  deputation) is the assignment of authority and responsibility to another person (normally from a manager to a subordinate) to carry out specific activities (Blair, gerald 2002). However the person who delegated the work remains accountable for the outcome of the delegated work. Delegation empowers a subordinate to make decisions, i.e. it is a shift of decision-making authority from one organizationalRead MoreHealth, Safety, and Security in Childcare Setting1705 Words   |  7 Pages Task 1 P1 – Describe legislations and policies relating to the health, safety and security of children in a care setting. Legislations and policies are extremely important in childcare settings in order to protect both staff and children. Legislations are created by a governing body and are put in place to ensure that guidelines are followed in order to reinforce safety and security within a setting. Furthermore, policies are used to ensure that everyone is working to obey the law and to meet the

Youth Gangs Problem and Response Free Essays

Irving Spergel begins his research by noting that the phenomenon of youth gangs is not exclusively a product of American civilization or the modern urban condition, pointing out that gangs date as far back to the 17th century England and span as far as Asia and South America, have evolved from places as diverse as the secret societies from Hong Kong and the prison conditions of New Zealand. Spergel also observes that attempts to research youth gangs have yielded varying results and drawn wildly differing conclusions as to their criminal severity, the circumstances which spawn them, and the correlation they have with youth delinquency. Researchers also choose to define gangs and/or categorize them in relation to non-gang-related youth delinquency in rather varied ways, which only complicates this. We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Gangs: Problem and Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now I find this kind of social and historical context very fascinating. It certainly lends the concept of youth gang a certain legitimacy that is not afforded in mainstream representations of them. Too often, gangs are simply viewed as products of depressed areas of urban America. They are considered a symptom of social failure rather than as a natural product of civilization, simply because it makes for more sensational content on television. But as Spergel’s research summary shows, youth gangs are a means for the youth to address their own community’s shortcomings, most notably a lack of confidence in one’s family or an inability to completely connect with peers at a school or work environment. In addition, Spergel suggests that law enforcement, social welfare agencies and other ways a community addresses youth gangs are problematized by how the demographic complexities of gang formation are distorted and/or exaggerated by how mainstream news media and governmental organizations choose to profile them. One telling example is how such distortions lead even the Department of Justice to fund research that relies on flawed methodology or rely on grossly inflated figures for the purposes of rhetoric. Despite these acts, studies have indicated that the ‘gang problem’ cannot be singularly reduced to one demographic and that the various activities they engage in are not necessarily limited to criminal behavior. Spergel does attempt to address this by reviewing such literature, and through this has suggested that gang behavior differs from other forms of youth delinquency in that the former must lie completely within the domain of group oriented conduct — protecting the ‘turf’, maintaining an ideological code, etc. He also decidedly defines delinquent youth groups against gangs by noting that the latter must have a relatively stable social order/grouping whereas the former tends to be more fluid in structure, and leadership is not a fixed constant. Furthermore, gang violence or criminally-oriented gang behavior is not as dramatically problematic as popular accounts tend to suggest. While some cities are certainly known for their alarming figures, the general average of criminially-oriented gang behavior is actually quite low. Spergel takes research data to task by suggesting that the veracity of any such statistics is immediately made suspect by problematic ‘measurements’ used to derive such data. They can be distorted depending on how one ‘counts’ gang population and criminally-oriented gang behavior. Spergel’s research is quite too long to really address all his points in a brief manner, but let it suffice to say that he presents a rather thought provoking look at research and its perceptions of gangs and gang behavior, most notably because it suggests the heterogeneity of the phenomenon and the ease at which it can be distorted. How to cite Youth Gangs: Problem and Response, Papers

Last Train Home free essay sample

Last Train Home The documentary Last Train Home filmed by Lixin Fan shows us what Chinese’s families’ faces when they migrate from farms to work in factories in the larger cities. With the life of Mr. Zhan as an example, we can understand the conflict and suffering that these families have. They lose theirs so called â€Å"Hokou† which is â€Å"a household registration system that is designed to aid the distribution of welfare and resources, and keep watch on criminal activity†, and also they leave their children in the farms to be taken care of the grandmother which leads to broken homes. However they leave all theirs precious thing behind only because they are seeking to give a better chance of life to their loved ones. To better understand this analysis of the documentary some terms like capitalism, outsourcing, globalization, inequality and poverty need to be explained. Capitalism is an economic system that the means of its production is private owned to create goods and services for profit, competitive markets and wage labor. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Train Home or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Outsourcing is when a business is contracting out some business function, previously performed in-house, to an external provider. Globalization is a phenomenon generated by the dynamics of capitalism needs to forma a global village that allows the largest markets for the developed countries whose domestic markets are already saturated. Inequality is the unequal distribution of income of a country, but there are also other factors such as poor education background inefficient investments in a country in social areas. Poverty is the material deprivation, typically involving the needs of everyday life such as food, clothing, and housing and health care, it can be understood as the lack of essential goods and services. China’s government is trying to take the country out of poverty by taking advantage of the globalization by outsourcing their services, especially cheap labor. The government is using some Utilitarian way of thinking when trying to make the most number of people happy by providing jobs for the population. However the working conditions are poor, we can even say that they are unethical, as we see in the documentary when Mr. Zhan fell of sick the factory did not provide him any medical attention. We see that China’s factories have long shifts including nights, do not have sick days and the pay is really low. The factories even charge for the food and shelter that they provide. China’s government should realize that not only proving a job that will make the most amount of population happy, but improve the workings conditions would be really helpful. Globalization helped China turn into a superpower country because of factories cheap labor. Almost every country now wants to import goods and services from China because of that. Adam Smith’s Theory says that â€Å"a man has a natural inclination towards self-interesting†, so competition for the cheapest price makes the factories in China explore more and more the workers. Competition has a good and bad side. The good side is that when competing for labors prices more factories are open which provide more jobs for the population. However on the other hand the bad side of competition is that factories tent to explore their workers to get even more cheap prices to the goods outsourced. With this awful competition, everyone’s self-interesting is being promoted but the workers. The consumers play a big role in this cruel reality that explores cheap labor, by buying products made in these factories. This anger for cheap products forces the labor to get cheaper and it promotes an unjust society. Indirectly Western Companies and consumers do have some responsibility for the poverty that Chinese’s workers find themselves in, the companies by outsourcing their services, and the consumer by keeping buying these cheap goods. But the employers are the ones that should provide these workers some economic safety net. We all know that a wall-paid worker produces more, and if their need are taken care of, the workers don’t have to keep their minds on problems outside the job, instead they would concentrate and make even less mistakes. The government is the one that should benefit the workers the most, by forcing the factories to build their building in various regions of the country, so the workers did not have to travel so far to see their families. As we saw in the documentary it took days for Mr. And Mrs. Zhan to get home from the factories. The government should also pass laws to improve the working conditions and to benefit the work force in the country. Some long-term consequences that the rural community village suffers are broken homes and lack of people to work. The documentary showed that Qin repeated her parent’s cycle of poverty by dropping out of school. Some factors that led her to repeat the cycle were that she wanted to have her own independent life, she felt abandoned by her parents and she felt very pressure by them in relation to school. In the documentary we can see the pressure that the parents put on their children when Mr. and Mrs. Zhan came to celebrate New Year’s, most of their conversation was about their kids school, and how good Qin and her brother Yang were doing on it. In this case when parents leave their children in care of others, most of the kids have no respect for them because they cannot connect the families ties with the parents. Confucian Values has had a lot of cultural influence in China. Confucianism is known as â€Å"filial piety† it is considered one of the essentials virtues in preparing children for a respectful conduct of everyday life. As Qin repeats the cycle of poverty of her parents she disrespects this virtue taught by her culture that they consider so valuable. All these kids that drop out of school cannot measure the consequences that the lack of education will make them disadvantage for their professional life. Since most of the adults left the villages to go to work in factories, the elderly and the children are the ones who have to do all the work in the farms. In closing, this analysis of the documentary Last Train Home which is about the migrant workers in China and the role that Western Companies and consumers play in these workers poverty, we can conclude that the poverty problem in China is far from being solved. It depends on various factors, especially the government, is the one that should start doing some policies changes in favor of the working labor, along with the factories owners. As Gandhi once said that one of the things that will destroys us is â€Å"business without morality†, we all should take in consideration this immoral exploration that is happening in China and start doing the part that is up to us to help those people. Works Cited Last Train Home. Dir Lixin Fan. Perf. Changhua Zhan, Suqin Chen, Qin Zhang, Yang Zhang, and Tingsui Tang. Zeitgest Video, 2010. Documentary. Boatright, John Raymond. Ethics and the conduct of business. 6th ed. New Jersey: Pearson, 2009.

Supervisors Time Management as Perceived by the su Essay Example For Students

Supervisors Time Management as Perceived by the su Essay bordinates TIME MANAGEMENT OF SUPERVISORS AS PERCEIVED To my Lord who pity my weaknesses, protects me in the hour of danger, and save me in the moment of peril. And to Grace who complement in every way To GK Club Officers: Dio.Exe for sharing ideas, never stop bugging me to finish this study and help encode part of it; Mr. Qs example of stability under pressure enabled me to realize that I could never comply to course requirement unless to organize and set priorities, Grace for being a supportive partner, and Shannon and Waiver in their diligence to pause for intermission. To Dr. We will write a custom essay on Supervisors Time Management as Perceived by the su specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Virgie Rosales for increasing my enthusiasm to pursue beyond what I can bear. To Jaymer Jayomas effort in distributing and collecting the questionnaires. To my dearly beloved Sisters Monette and Grace. To all the people of the Department of Agriculture who in some way or another had assisted or contributed in making this paper possible. And to Him who is able to keep me from falling and to present me before his glorious presence without fault and with great joy to the only God my Saviour be glory, majesty, power and authority, through Jesus Christ my Lord, before all ages, now and forevermore! Amen. 1. Distribution of Respondents by Age11 2.Distribution of Respondents by Sex11 3.Distribution of Respondents by Rank12 4.Distribution of Respondents by Civil Status12 5.Distribution of Respondents by Working Status13 6.Distribution of Respondents by Religion13 7. Distribution of Respondents by Salary13 8.Respondents Perceived Degree of Delegation14 Towards Time Management by Supervisors 9.Respondents Perceived Degree of Planning14 Towards Time Management by Supervisors 10.Respondents Perceived Degree of organizing15 Towards Time Management by Supervisors 11.Respondents Perceived Degree of Controlling15 Towards Time Management by Supervisors Time is a paradox. The solution to the paradox of time, then, is to focus on the most important things. One of them is realizing that there is always enough time for the real essential matters. Time possesses another paradox it disappears anyway. The attitude toward time is also affected by the fact that time is free and equitable. Everyone receives exactly the same amount each day. Since quantity of time is immutable, quality is the only changeable variable. Managing time means adapting to its passage in some appropriate, satisfying manner. The only way to manage time better is to spend time in appropriate way and consummates an exact amount. In other word, increasing time commitment. Managing time to accomplish important objectives requires careful planning. Overwork is often the result of failure to delegate and establish proper priorities -spending too much time on details, trivia, and sloppy work habits. Probably spending much time on relatively frivolous undertakings. Delegation creates total responsibilities. It is finding people to assist in carrying the load and to accomplish a certain task. Since delegation is time-bound, it is important thereof to consider it subjectivity to time. There are three components of good delegation: responsibility (identification of the duties to be performed), authority (commensurate power to perform the duties) and accountability (requirement that the subordinate render a proper account and report on the status work delegated). A subordinate who fails to report properly, and provides unsatisfactory accounts, is unworthy of the trust delegated. In delegation, a leader should keep in mind two principles: First, to push responsibility as far down the management pyramid. Second, the leaders task to decide which decisions should be made by what members of the team, when to act and to verify if it were performed properly Planning requires objectives, without objectives, nothing to plan. .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 , .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .postImageUrl , .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 , .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268:hover , .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268:visited , .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268:active { border:0!important; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268:active , .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268 .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8eff7b314756255580fad69bfbbdf268:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Atomic Bomb Essay For managers, it is virtually impossible to achieve carefully determined objectives without planning. Planning need not be a complex attempt. It is simply thinking about the future in a systematic way. It bridges the gap between the present and the desired objectives. Unless there is some way to bridge this separation, you well never be able to reach the destination. Thus planning crept in. It is a central factor in all time-management success stories and a road map to accomplishment and result, for it gives control over the most valuable resource-time. Planning time means setting timeframe or a time to the planned task. Time is the limiting factor; therefore, a plan must be built around the most critical element-time. To manage time is to control time. .

The Best Jobs for Introverts Who Hate Social Interaction

The Best Jobs for Introverts Who Hate Social Interaction If you consider yourself introverted (or you just really prefer to work on your own), you might want to take your comfort with people  into account when choosing your career. Some professions will just plain demand more personal interaction than you can tolerate. The Occupational Information Network (O*NET) rated jobs on a scale of 0-100, based on how much contact with others is required and how much it requires a worker to be pleasant in their interactions.Here are their top jobs for introverts.If You Have a High School DiplomaPoet, lyricist, or creative writer: Solitude galore. And you’ll be in excellent company with some of the greatest writers who never bothered going to college and still wrote masterpieces. If you’re creative and good with words, it’s worth considering.Dental lab technician: Dentists have to talk to and see patients all day, but their technicians work behind the scenes making molds and doing other laboratory work. And most positions only r equire a diploma or equivalent.Farm or crop worker: If you love working outdoors and don’t mind physical labor, this could be great for you. You could work farm equipment, harvest fruits or vegetables, apply pesticides. And you won’t have to talk much while you do it. This industry is set to grow in the next few years. And there are many different ways to fit into the field.Potter: Operate machines or hand-make ceramics, pottery and stoneware. If you like working with your hands and are on the creative side, then this could be right for you.If You Have an Associate’s DegreePhotonics technician: Work in fiberoptics and with laser technology. This field is set to boom and is also a â€Å"green occupation† where you’d be working with energy-efficient activities and technologies.Machinist: This is another â€Å"green occupation† with a bright future, and it requires a whole lot more interaction with machines than with other people.If You Have  a Bachelor’s DegreeReal estate appraiser: Appraisers interact with properties, where agents interact with potential buyers and sellers. Spend your time appraising properties for purchases, sales, or loans.Cryotechnologist: A lab setting is always good for those who crave alone time. Take refuge among cell samples. You might need an additional post-graduate certification, but you can easily get your start with just a Bachelor’s degree.Geological Sample Test Tech: Survey and analyze geological samples. Another field in which you’ll spend a great deal of time on your own and outside.If You Have  a  Master’s Degree or HigherMathematician: Math is increasingly important in our technological age. If you have the talent and enjoy it, it’s a great way to take refuge in numbers and your own brain to solve the biggest problems of various fields.Archivist: You like people, but you prefer to interact with them on paper. Archivists maintain documents and d atabases, but often work in blissful silence on their own.Environmental Economist: If you have a head for numbers and love nature, this could be a great field for you. Another â€Å"green occupation† experiencing rapid growth, this research and analysis position will be incredibly valuable in the economy to come.

Competing in the global arina Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Competing in the global arina - Essay Example Vertical integration is brought about in any business by increasing or decreasing the control a firm has over its inputs and distribution of outputs and services. This would include both backward and forward integration. Backward integration is the control over inputs or supplies, whereas, forward integration is the firm’s control over its outputs or supplies. Full vertical integration occurs when a firm incorporates a value-chain of a supplier and/or that of a distribution channel into its own value chain.2 This could happen in two ways: when a firm expands its activities directly in other countries or through acquisition of existing companies in these countries. Horizontal integration involves expansion of the business at the same level of the value chain.This could be done through acquisitions or expansions into related or unrelated products, but at the same level of the value-chain. To launch a new product, ample research must have been carried out to determine the suitability of the product in the new market. If only there is a demand for a product, it should be launched in the new country/market. To launch a new product, the market/consumer population must be ready for its launch. The consumer should be aware of the benefits of the product and must be ready to experiment with the new product/service. To be able to successfully launch a new product in a foreign country, the company should have core competencies in manufacturing the product. A product will be accepted in a foreign market, if and only if it is better than the existing products available in that market/country. The manufacturer should make sure that his products/services are the best in the country and there is no competition. This might require integration in some form: either vertical or horizontal; to ensure the competitiveness of the products. Decisions regarding the time of launch of product and pricing would have to be carefully worked

Criminal Justice - Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Criminal Justice - - Essay Example In Shawshank Redemption, Andy was imprisoned after killing his wife and her lover despite his claims of innocence. After the prison warder had realized that Andy was an accountant by profession, he began protecting him. This is because he knew that he would assist him in his money laundering scam (Cole, Christopher and Christina 95). Conover’s depiction of prison guards is different from that of Shawshank Redemption. This is because Conover condemned the bad picture, which portrays the correctional officers as bad people, mindlessly authoritarian, and inherently sadistic. For example, Conover demonstrated this by acting as an example in Sing Sing Prison. He interacted with prison wardens and inmates closely unlike at first where there was a greater gap between the correctional officers, prison wardens, and inmates. Conover described this portrayal as unsympathetic and inaccurate image of the guards. Conover portrayed prison guards as multidimensional characters. This is because they are neither good nor bad, but they are simply struggling in difficult circumstances. Conover recommended that the prison guards should be given full support since they have critical roles in administering justice. This is in terms of working environment, remuneration, and housing. It has been obvious that inmates are the most brutalized in the prisons. This is because guards are mistreating them by denying them their rights in the prison. For example, they might be bitten to an extent that they are injured. Others go for some days without food and even taking bath. The brutal exercise might even extend to other people who are not in prison. These are, for example, the relatives of the inmates. The relatives are coming to the prison to visit their people, but they are sometimes denied to talk or even greet the inmates. Though they are not physically brutalized, they are psychologically disturbed

United Nations Global Compact and Global Reporting Initiative. Why Essay

United Nations Global Compact and Global Reporting Initiative. Why Corporate Social Responsibility Matters - Essay Example Investors in corporations are not held accountable for whatever wrong or right decisions the group as a whole would do, since their liability is limited to their investments. Thus, whether the corporation does more harm than good or not by the products that they sell, it can be sued by its own entity alone, but the owners and investors would not be affected under state laws. These corporations will continue to exist as long as the customers choose to patronize their products. But during the recent decades, there has been some changes happening to the structures of some corporations. Many start to fall if they didn’t give back to the people that help them get established. Also, doing harm just to gain profits becomes a bad norm, thus the creation of a system that would balance quality of life within owners and stakeholders of corporations as well as the people they serve. This method of doing business is called Corporate Social Responsibility, or CSR. By the definition of Kotler and Lee (2005), â€Å"corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a commitment to improve community well-being through discretionary business practices and contributions of corporate resources.†... By the definition of Kotler and Lee (2005), â€Å"corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a commitment to improve community well-being through discretionary business practices and contributions of corporate resources.† They mentioned â€Å"discretionary† since it would still be the choice of corporations as to whether they will voluntarily commit to implement CSR in their business or not. A related term to CSR would be CSI, or corporate social initiatives. These are major activities undertaken by corporations to support social causes and to fulfil commitment to CSR (ibid.). With such ideals, it is portrayed that CSR would not only benefit the corporations, but also the government, its people and the environment. In this report, two examples of large groups that promote CSR around the world would be presented. First is the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) and second is the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Both groups believe that sustainability and development can be attained by having corporations to voluntarily have transparencies in their company regulations and business plans as well as the development of beneficiary communities through transactions that promote social empowerment. The United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) The United Nations Global Compact or UNGC was launched in July 2000. It is the largest voluntary corporate sustainability initiative in the world, with over 8,500 signatories in 135 countries. The primary goal of the UNGC is to advance two complementary objectives (UNGC, 2011): To mainstream the ten business principles in business activities around the world; and Catalyze actions in support of broader UN goals, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s) By

Over View Of Implementing Benchmarking Program In Company Marketing Essay

Over View Of Implementing Benchmarking Program In Company Marketing Essay Benchmarking is one aspect of performance management that is used to check and analysis the activities and elements of any organization. It is used to search for best practices of any activity that organizations needs to develop. Moreover, it is not an independent technique as it is considered to be a natural progression from the implementation of total quality management. Successful organizations assess themselves against the best in their category and benchmarking is used as tool for doing that. Benchmarking Implementation: In order to implement performance management system in an organization it is important to do a benchmarking. As a senior manager in a telecommunication company (Etisalat) I was requested to by the CEO to do a benchmarking program to improve the performance of the company as it is fallen below target. The performance point that I was requested to check is the customer satisfaction that was fallen below the expected target that was set by the companys management based on the latest survey done on the market and decrease in number of subscribers, who moved their service to the other market competitor. The benchmarking process does not vary significantly with the three categories of partners selected: internal organisations, direct competitors, or non-competitors. Therefore I am going to compare the customer satisfaction in the telecom company with Emirates Airlines. The reason why I choose Emirates Airlines is that it is a very large multi-destination flight company with a very large number of passengers. Etisalat was established in 1976 with a low number of landline subscribers and increased to 100 million subscribers in the world. Emirates Airlines established in 1985 with 260,000 passengers that year. The number of passengers increased dramatically to 27 million till March 2010 and 108 world destinations. That shows how customers with the service provided by Emirates Airlines in a short period and while other big airlines are going bankrupt during the world financial crises. The reason why we should go for benchmarking is to improve methodologies that result in high productivity and lower costs. Benchmarking is particularly helpful in validating proposals for change. Moreover, it often results in creative imitation and the adoption of new practices that overcome previous industry barriers. Furthermore, this search for diversity and for innovative breakthroughs applied. There are eight steps in order to do a benchmarking are: Select the subject. Forming the team and the project road map. Performance indicators and drivers. Selecting partner. Data collection. Analysis. Integration and action. Benchmarking process: Select the subject Based on the point highlighted by Etisalats CEO, there is a problem in the customers satisfaction that was targeted this year. Customer satisfaction is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet customer expectation Based on the market survey and problem investigation, we found that problem is due to the following: Quality of service. Customer support. Incident handling. Productivity. Pricing. After investigation and looking at the problem from another angle, we found the reason beyond losing customers satisfaction is concentrating on the development projects and reducing the operational costs in order not to lower down the impact of the world financial crises and compete with the competitor (du) from productivity point of view. In order to solve the problem of losing customer satisfaction, a movement has to be done in order to provide more qualitative after sale service and that can be done by spending more on developing the operational processes and spending more on operations as well as the employees as employees satisfaction is the key towards customers satisfaction. Moreover I am going to concentrate on Etisalat customers satisfaction in the UAE only. Forming the team and the project road map A team needs to be formed and a project road map developed. These are integral activities in the subject selection step. The team that I created includes 5 members are experts and represent the various functions affected by the project. The teams composed of staff personnel who are capable of setting recommendations that meet significant resistance during implementation. Each team member will work on studying the each of the below causes, visit the related sections, highlight the drawbacks and set recommendations for: Quality of service. Customer support. Incident handling. Productivity. Pricing. And I am going to follow-up and manage this project as a team leader. Performance indicators and drivers This part begins with the documentation of processes and practices associated with the subject. The primary goal is to identify the vital few performance indicators that confirm superior performance and to identify those processes and practices that drive performance. This search for cause and effect will be followed by the identification and documentation of internal process variables and attributes. That is a major part that each of the team members will have to take an ownership in order to study each of the processes practices and complete its documentations. Selecting partner The selection of partners often involves the use of external data and information sources. Partners fall into two general categories: other internal units and external organisations. External organisations may include direct competitors; Industry peers that serve a different market; Companies that serve the same market in a related but different industry; Organisations outside my industry that performs similar functions. As I mentioned above, I decided to choose Emirates Airlines, an organization outside telecom industry and serve the same market. Moreover, Emirates has great initiatives to develop its services that are provided to the passengers. Therefore, Emirates Airlines is almost receiving a yearly awards for its services such as best airline from Business Traveller Middle East Awards 2009, Best In-flight Entertainment from Skytrax Airline Excellence Awards 2009, Outstanding Food Service by a Carrier Middle East 2009 from Pax International Magazine Readership Awards, etc. Data collection Data collection can be the most difficult step in the Benchmarking process. The primary objective is to gather information and data to confirm superior performance and to uncover best practices without burdening the partners with long, time-consuming data collection methods. Although data and information are collected in establishing baseline measures and in selecting partners, the majority of the data for most projects are collected in this step. The following table shows a summarized comparison between the points that lower down the customers satisfaction of Etisalat and compare it with Emirates Airlines. Etisalat Emirates Airlines Quality of service Medium High Customer support Low High Incident handling Low High Productivity High High with value added services Pricing Average High Advertisement High for newly released products High Promotions On going On sessions Loyalty program Available Available CRM Low Medium Analysis The objective of the analysis step is to identify the best performing organisation and to determine the reasons for the superior performance. The performance indicators define the benchmark standard and the gaps in performance for each participant. The processes and practices of the best organisation are the benchmark performance drivers that each partner will try to creatively imitate. Identifying this cause and effect relationship between performance drivers and the resultant measures is the most challenging part of benchmarking. When we look at the above comparison table in the data collection part, we can find that there are some differences in the services provided by the two organizations. If we start with the quality of service, we can find that Etisalat is providing medium quality of service. For example, for the old and stable services like mobile service and internet the quality is very good, but if we look at latest services like eLife the quality is very low. While in Emirates Airlines, it is always high even for new destinations. Customers support and incident handling in Etisalat is very low as the customers whenever they want to raise a complaint or have inquiry, mostly they will be forwarded from a section to another or from a call centre number to another without having a single point of contact. Moreover, whenever you dial the call center, you have to wait on the phone for more than 10 minutes till someone pick the phone and register your complaint that if it is required advance troubleshooting, the case will not be solved in less than one day and may continue for a month. On the other hand, Emirates Airlines representatives will answer your inquiries clearly and are very helpful to handle your complaints with ownership. The productivity in Etisalat is very high, however due shortage in advertisement and products information sharing for all the products, most of the products are messed by the customers and even the employees. Moreover, the advertisement done by Etisalat is only for the newly released products. However for Emirates Airlines, it is high as the customers is always loyal to the airline and may keep it as the first choice for travel anywhere and he is always expected to have more value added services in flight entertainment. The prices of Etisalat product are average compared to the quality of service provided to the customers, but the customers will always see it high as the after sale services are low. The prices of Emirates Airlines are high, but the service the passenger is receiving before, during and after the flight is high. The Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in Etisalat is very low and only done by sending updates to all customers through email and SMS for the new products. On the other, Emirates Airlines are send a monthly newsletter to all their customers by email, normal postage, to keep them updated with all the changes, offers and new destinations. Sometimes, they are requested to provide a quick feedback on a questionnaire. Integration and action The objectives of the integration and action steps are to obtain organisation buy-in, initiate projects to close gaps and implement plans developed in these projects. So based on the analyses done above the organization has to rectify the problems that leads to losing customers satisfaction. Some of the recommended suggestions are: 1. Encourage Face-to-Face Dealings 2. Respond to Messages Promptly Keep Your Clients Informed 3. Be Friendly and Approachable 4. Have a Clearly Defined Customer Service Policy 5. Attention to Detail 6. Anticipate Your Clients Needs 7. Honor your Promises To be effective, Benchmarking works best in an environment in which teamwork and management support is evident. Teams need to focus on results as measured by performance indicators, but the organisation must change the performance drivers to achieve benchmark standards. Target setting alone, without changes in the organisation culture, other structural factors, processes, and practices, can only bring temporary relief.

thomas jefferson :: essays research papers

Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson is remembered in history not only for the offices he held, but also for his belief in the natural rights of man as expressed in the Declaration of Independence and his faith in the people’s ability to govern themselves. He left an impact on his times equaled by few others in American history. Born on April 13, 1743, Jefferson was the third child in the family and grew up with six sisters and one brother. Though he opposed slavery, his family had owned slaves. From his father and his environment he developed an interest in botany, geology, cartography, and North American exploration, and from his childhood teacher developed a love for Greek and Latin. In 1760, at the age of 16, Jefferson entered the College of William and Mary and studied under William Small and George Wythe. Through Small, he got his first views of the expansion of science and of the system of things in which we are placed. Through Small and Wythe, Jefferson became acquainted with Governor Francis Fauquier. After finishing college in 1762, Jefferson studied law with Wythe and noticed growing tension between America and Great Britain. Jefferson was admitted to the bar in 1767. He successfully practiced law until public service occupied most of his time. At his home in Shadwell, he designed and supervised the building of his home, Monticello, on a nearby hill. He was elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1769. Jefferson met Martha Wayles Skelton, a wealthy widow of 23, in 1770 and married her in 1772. They settled in Monticello and had one son and five daughters. Only two of his children, Martha and Mary, survived until maturity. Mrs. Martha Jefferson died in 1782, leaving Thomas to take care of his two remaining children. Though not very articulate, Jefferson proved to be an able writer of laws and resolutions he was very concise and straight to the point. Jefferson soon became a member in a group which opposed and took action in the disputes between Britain and the colonies. Together with other patriots, the group met in the Apollo Room of Williamsburg’s famous Raleigh Tavern in 1769 and formed a nonimportation agreement against Britain, vowing not to pay import duties imposed by the Townshend Acts. After a period of calmness, problems faced the colonists again, forcing Jefferson to organize another nonimportation agreement and calling the colonies together to

Would Juluis caesar be a good king

Would Julius Caesar be a good king? Julius Caesar takes place in ancient Rome in 44 B. C. He was never technically king, but he came close to having the powers of a king, but he got killed before he could become one. He is very arrogant throughout the story while he is still alive. He is pretty stubborn while being p retty manipulative Just like almost every character in the play. I don't feel like he will be a good king just because of his arrogance. He also had his good qualities like being a military astermind.Caesar shows us his arrogance throughout the play. For example in Act 1 Scene 2 he says â€Å"Such men as he be never at heart's ease Whiles they behold a greater than themselves, and therefore are they very dangerous. I rather tell thee what is to be fear'd than what I fear, for always I am Caesar† . In this quote we can see that is Caesar unashamed of how arrogant he is being. This arrogance would cause him to do other errors like he did later in the story like igno ring his wife's dreamHe was great ruler because he led Rome in the right direction, but by doing so, in the process he was an arrogant and selfish ruler. He was great for Rome as a ruler but not for the people. Just like Brutus said in Act 2 Scene 1 â€Å"And therefore think him as a serpent's egg which, natch'd, would, as his kind, grow mischievous, and ill shell. † Here Brutus is comparing Caesar to a â€Å"Serpent's Egg† that is should be destroyed before it hatches and becomes dangerous if he becomes king.They are not afraid of him ecause he is a tyrant but will become one if he becomes the king of Rome. In the book Julius Caesar manipulation seems like a varsity sport. In Act 2 Scene 1 Caesar really deceives the Romans. He is putting a show and refusing that he doesn't want the crown, even though he would secretly love it deep inside. He thinks that refusal to the crown in front of the public is a smart political tactic to get people to love him and think he less ambitious or for lack of better word desperate.This is also a form of reverse hycology as Caesar is using it to make the crowd like him and even consider making him king as he is not greedy and hungry for it. In conclusion Caesar would be a great king for Rome but not for the Romans. He is a genius in warfare but is very arrogant which cost him his life. If he was king his arrogance would definitely be his downfall. And the romans would find out that he was manipulating them, it was Just a matter of time. He would be a very good war chief of be a ruler with Pompey but not a king all by himself.

The construction of financial supervision system under Greek debt crisis Essay

Introduction The financial crisis and the Greek sovereign debt crisis have accelerated the innovation and construction of EU financial supervision system. This report is analyzing the cause of Greek sovereign debt crisis on the basis of the domestic factors, the international factors and EU factors. Moreover, it illustrates the construction of financial regulatory system of EU based on the level of macro and micro. The macro level has a European systemic risk council; the micro level has a secondary European financial regulatory system which is constituted by EU and member states. The EU also has emergency mechanism on the stage, such as, The European financial stabilization mechanism and The European financial stability facility and associated with a series of regulatory measures. The emergency instrument and institutional measures launched by The Greek crisis and the European Union have provided experience and lessons for worldwide in response to the global financial crisis around the world. Causes The Greek economy was one of the fastest growing in the euro zone during the 2000s. The government of Greece run large deficits due to a strong economy and falling bond yield. Debt to GDP has remained above 100% since the introduction of the EURO. The global financial crisis in 2008 makes the Greek economy suffer a severe setback and the global financial crisis reveals its weak financial situation from two aspects. First, the economy structure of Greece is relatively single, which means the growth of its economy is instable. Second, the debt investment strategies of National Bank have produces a great burden to the Greek economy. However, the global financial crisis just pushed the exposing of the financial problem of Greece and the country overspent and failed to tell to the European Union the actual size of its ballooning deficit are the primary cause. Furthermore, the European Union also did not review the figures sent in by Athens properly. Long term solutions The Greek sovereign debt crisis stimulated the process of the form of EU financial regulatory system. The explosion of U.S. financial crisis has made Europeans understand that the European financial regulatory did not consist with the market integration process. The leaders of European Union have made significant strategies for ensuring fiscal stability in the long term. Currently, in order to avoid a possible domino effect caused by Greek crisis and to avoid a weak euro, the member state of the European Union, on the one hand, require that the Greece itself must cut spending on a wide range, on the other hand, the member state ask to speed the reform of EU financial market up and strengthen the financial regulatory system on the level of European Union and its members. In order to establish financial regulatory system and its associated measures, there are three primary aspects to focus on: first, the financial regulation of the EU members, strictly control and limit the problem of debt overweight. Second, it is necessary to strengthen financial supervision to prevent the speculation by speculators. Third, it is crucial to solve the institutional structure problem of Euro itself. These three must collaborate and communication with each other. Financial regulatory institution In order to strengthen European financial regulatory reform, the EU commission proposed to establish â€Å"European Systemic Risk Council† on the macro level and â€Å"European System of Financial Supervision† on the micro level. The main responsibilities are: establishing regulatory policy at the macro level and conveying to European regulatory bureau or providing early stage risk warning; to compare the observation of the development of macroeconomic and to propose dominant policy in correspond to the change of the supervision. For instance, responsible for collecting〠 analysing financial stability information, publishing risk warning, to take overall regional action when one country has encountered difficulty and hardly deal with it. It aim to solve a major drawback which is exposed by the financial crisis, the financial system is helpless when the systematic risk is complex, associated and between department and cross – department. Emergency system in phase In order to solve the Greek crisis, the EU and its members use emergency  relief instrument to manage debt crisis. The main emergency systems in stage are: establishing â€Å"European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism† and â€Å"European Financial Stability Facility†. Above all, all the instruments and measures are to ensure that the union is able to deal with the debt crisis and also to ensure such crisis will not happen in the future. My comments I would like to make a comment on the European problem of the Greek crisis. It seems that the Greek government is unable to deal with its budget and is incapable to reduce public spending and increase tax revenues. Since the introduction of the EURO, the financial situation is worsened every year. In my opinion, as Greek crisis has become a European one, i do believe Europe is taking fundamental economic reforms which are necessary to copy with the imbalance of the Greek financial crisis. Conclusion As mentioned above, the Greek crisis and the institutional measures introduced by the EU have provided significant experience for worldwide in dealing with the global financial crisis. First, all crisis has its latency and incentives, it is important to prevent the source in order to prevent the financial crisis and the sovereign debt crisis. Second, the financial crisis and the sovereign debt crisis have brought an opportunity to the reform of the world monetary system and the financial system, it also a challenge for the leading position of US dollar. From the development of the European integration process, each crisis has pushed the innovation and improvement of the system of EU in the past and lead to European integration ultimately. The development of the European integration could say that is a process of overcoming the crisis constantly and innovation of system continuously. References Antonis Antoniadis, 2010. Debt Crisis as a Global Emergency: The European Economic Constitution and Other Greek Fables Dell’Ariccia, Giovanni & Detragiache, Enrica & Rajan, Raghuram, 2008. â€Å"The real effect of banking crises,† Matthew Lynn, 2010. Bust: Greece, the Euro and the Sovereign Debt Crisis Martin Feldstein, 2011. Greek default is just a matter of when, not if. In: Financial Times. (24.06.11)

McDonalds SWOT Analysis Essays

McDonalds SWOT Analysis Essays McDonalds SWOT Analysis Essay McDonalds SWOT Analysis Essay McDonalds (NYSE: MCD ) has been outperforming the market this year and recently set a new all-time high. A SWOT analysis – a look at strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats – can help assess whether the fast food giant can keep the growth on a high-calorie diet. Strengths: McDonalds has successfully rolled out new items like coffees, smoothies, and Angus burgers, expanding the range of menu choices. With a strong product offering, the company has grown income throughout the recession, notching strong increases in same-store sales. Operations are spread around the world, meaning the company is not exposed to just once currency or economy. Even trading near its highs, McDonalds serves up sizzling dividend yields that top the 10-year Treasury. The yield comes with a side order of annual dividend hikes dating back to 1976. The annual dividend payment has gone from 55 cents per share in 2005 to $2.20 this year. Weaknesses: It will be harder and harder to find prime locations to build a set of golden arches. The U.S. is saturated with its restaurants, so growth will have to occur internationally, posing potential cultural challenges. While the annual dividend hikes are likely to continue, the dividend growth rate has been slowing and will probably continue to slow or level off. Opportunities: There are opportunities for new restaurants outside the United States, and McDonalds has been taking advantage of them. China is a great opportunity for the company, as is much of Asia. Menu innovations are limited only by imagination. Low interest rates provide cheap capital for growth. In addition to dollar-denominated debt, McDonalds recently became the first foreign company to issue yuan-denominated bonds in Hong Kong. Threats: Governments are considering regulations targeting fast food. McDonalds faces competition from strong peers such as recent 11 OClock Stock pick Yum! Brands (NYSE: YUM ) and Burger King (NYSE: BKC ) . New product rollouts often have to go head-to-head with established players like Starbucks (Nasdaq: SBUX ) coffee or Jamba (Nasdaq: JMBA ) smoothies. Commodity price increases could increase costs while a weak economy limits the ability to pass the price hikes through to consumers. Summary McDonalds is still attractive and deserves to be considered as a core holding for income-oriented investors, as my Foolish colleague Jim Royal argues. P/E ratios are in line with fast-food competitors, and the company is performing at or near the top of its industry. McDonalds has earned its new highs and is likely to set a few more in the coming months. Plus, the company has a massive $9 billion stock buyback ongoing.

Ad-Words and Brand Confusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Ad-Words and Brand Confusion - Essay Example The increasing effect of all these changes have almost wiped off the geographical borders of the nations and the entire domain of trade and business has become a transnational issue. Along with such developments and changes, one cannot deny the role played by the internet. In fact, it is the internet that has acted as the most important facilitator of change in the development of information technology. The witty business leaders of the world have used the internet as the medium of business and the truth is such an effort has changed almost the entire dynamics of the traditional way of doing business. As it is widely accepted fact that internet is the huge pool of information. In order to make internet convenient to use for the users, the search engines came into existence in the previous decade. The search engines facilitate the search of the relevant information for the user. For the purpose, the user has to type the keywords of the information that he wants to get hold of. But there is a major possibility that such keywords are already trademarked by certain organizations and those words cannot be used in such a way. Moreover, of late the search engines are ch arging fees for such keywords which have turned out to be one of the prime sources of revenue for such search engines. This way of doing business has resulted in major controversies all across the globe. The report provides deep insight into the matter and unfolds various interesting facts in the course of a discussion. The revolution of the internet business commenced with that of the search engines. In simple words, search engines help the end user with the relevant websites or the source of information as he enters certain keywords in the ‘search’ option. The search engines were first developed in the year of 1993 in the form of Aliweb and JumpStation. Prior to the developments of search engines, a complete and extensive list of web servers were used to locate the websites. In the year of 1993 itself, before the launch of Aliweb and JumpStation, Achie and Veronica were launched.     Ã‚  

Epistemological Beliefs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 10

Epistemological Beliefs - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that the rule operates on personal rules and philosophies. It states the nature in which a single individual operates and make decisions should not be influence by an external forces and the third party. In counselling and psychotherapy the psychotherapist and the counsellors should not influence the nature in which the patients make decisions based on their conditions. The therapist should respect the rule in autonomy and design the environment that that assist the patients to make informed decisions. There comes a time when the psychotherapist or the counsellor is caught between the patients’ right o make autonomous decisions and their beneficence duty. In the scenario the patient may choose to go against the psychotherapist prescription. In matters like these the patients may the priority and upon evaluation and identification of the patient’s autonomy rule the psychotherapist has no choice but to respect the patient’s decisions.